There are advantages to vaccinating cows a month before calving. | Heather Smith Thomas photo

Pre-calving scours vaccine can save the lives of calves

Vaccinating cows for scours ahead of calving can build antibody levels in colostrum and increase calf health

Colostrum is key to calf health, particularly in the first weeks of life. However, preventing calfhood disease is a combination of many factors, including a clean environment and well-nourished, healthy cows with strong immunities. Vaccinating cows ahead of calving can help build antibody levels in cows’ colostrum, says Dr. Steve Hendrick of the Coaldale Veterinary […] Read more

There’s a good chance to save the calf in these situations, but it’s important they be recognized and dealt with early. | File photo

Backward, breech calves challenge to deliver

Calves positioned backward at birth are unlikely to survive without assistance. Often they suffocate because their heads are inside the cow when the umbilical cord pinches off or breaks. Breech presentation is a different problem but also dangerous to calf survival. A backward presentation is considered normal because the calf can be born even if […] Read more

These weaned bull calves were wintered on good quality hay but no grain. Research has found that feeding high-energy diets after weaning causes rapid weight gain but may also deposit fat in the scrotum, which insulates the testes and interferes with optimum sperm production. | Heather Smith Thomas photo

Well-fed bulls make good breeders

Proper nutrition for young animals has been found to be vital for breeding success, but it should start before weaning

Years of research have shown that bulls with larger testicles tend to have more sperm and can settle more cows than bulls with small testicles. Also, well-fed bulls generally reach puberty quicker than undernourished bulls. Dr. John Kastelic, a veterinarian and professor in cattle reproductive health at the University of Calgary, has done a lot […] Read more


Greater space may reduce fighting because younger or less aggressive bulls can stay away from more dominant bulls. | Heather Smith Thomas photo

Breeding season common time for bull injuries

A penile hematoma, also known as broken penis, is an injury that most often occurs in bulls that breed cows in pasture

Bulls occasionally get injured when fighting or breeding. Jennifer Pearson, assistant professor of production animal health at the University of Calgary, said most injuries happen during breeding season. “These injuries fall into two categories: reproductive injuries and musculoskeletal injuries, usually feet and legs. “A common reproductive injury is a penile hematoma, often called broken penis. […] Read more

Dr. Robert Cope examines semen on a ranch. It’s important to have a good understanding of a bull’s fertility before breeding season begins. | Heather Smith Thomas photo

Bull soundness exam vital to breeding success

A physical examination includes scrotal circumference measurement, semen quality test and checking sperm appearance

Semen quality, conformation, soundness and a desire to breed cows all play a role in bull fertility and breeding ability. A breeding soundness examination can ensure all is well before breeding season begins. Such exams include physical and reproductive tract soundness, scrotal circumference, percentage of normal sperm cells and sperm motility. Dr. Colin Palmer of […] Read more


Scrotal frostbite commonly occurs in bulls after a severe winter, particularly when they don’t have adequate bedding or shelter from wind. | Heather Smith Thomas photo

Scrotal frostbite may have lasting impact

Any injury to the testicles that damages stored sperm may put a bull out of action until it heals and produces new sperm

Scrotal frostbite in bulls is a risk to fertility and ranch profitability. Cold weather and wind chill can damage bulls’ testicles and deteriorate semen but it is hard to gauge without a test. Dr. Colin Palmer, associate director at the Livestock and Forage Centre of Excellence at the University of Saskatchewan, says scrotal frostbite commonly […] Read more

Cattle drink from a portable water tank on the Branvolds’ ranch. | Supplied photo

Healthy soil a priority

Cheryl and Trevor Branvold raise registered Angus on their farm in Saskatchewan that’s been in Cheryl’s family since 1888. Over the years, it was a mixed farm with grain and cattle but today the focus is on holistic management, improving the soil with cattle. “Our neighbour down the road is Ralph Corcoran, a holistic management […] Read more

Steve McElroy introduced cattle by buying heifers and introducing them to small parts of his farm. | Supplied photo

Cattle help organic operation save its soil

Steve McElroy started his farm in Hillsdale, Michigan, in 1989 as a conventional crop operation. He became a certified organic grower about 12 years later. He grew organic grains and row crops for 15 years. “Our soil is short of organic matter and wasn’t in good condition to go organic,” he says. “It was becoming […] Read more


Interim dean Gillian Muir said the skills of WCVM graduates are in high demand in rural areas and this would encourage more to choose agriculture-focused veterinary medicine. | Getty Images

Sask. announces steps to attract rural vets

The Saskatchewan government has recognized the concern about the lack of rural veterinary service and introduced several measures designed to entice more people to rural practice. These include a new virtual option to train registered veterinary technologists and a loan forgiveness program. “This program is important to addressing a labour market shortage in rural Saskatchewan,” […] Read more

Soderglen Ranches Ltd. focuses on breeds such as Charolais, Red Angus, Black Angus, Red Simmental and Black Simmental. | Alan Browarny photo

Alta. ranch receives Mark of Excellence Award

The company was chosen for its commitment to excellence through innovation, and its leadership in livestock genetics

One of the largest seedstock cattle operations in Western Canada has been awarded for its contributions to livestock improvement. Soderglen Ranches Ltd. of Alberta is one of this year’s recipients of the Mark of Excellence Award by AgSights, a non-profit co-operative based in Elora, Ont., whose services include herd management tools and genetic evaluation. Winning […] Read more