WINNIPEG (Reuters) — Major North American meat producers are clearing room on their plates for plant-based substitutes, hedging their bets as consumer tastes shift and high-tech startups seek to create meat alternatives that taste like the real thing.
The trend was highlighted last week when Tyson Foods Inc., the biggest U.S. chicken processor, took a five percent stake in Beyond Meat, a plant-based protein maker partly backed by Microsoft founder Bill Gates.
Other meat packers, including Canada’s Maple Leaf Foods Inc. and German sausage-maker Rügenwalder Mühle, are also stepping up production of “meat” made from peas, soybeans and other crops, predicting stronger sales growth for the segment than its traditional products.
Read Also
Ag In Motion 2025 site hub of activity
day before Ag in Motion preview.
“It’s an incredibly hot area right now,” said Adam Grogan, Maple Leaf’s senior vice-president of marketing and innovation.
“We view it as no different than chicken or pork. We view ourselves as a protein company first.”
Global sales of meat substitutes jumped to an estimated $4 billion this year, a 42 percent rise since 2010, according to research firm Markets and Markets.
U.S. government data shows that the country’s red meat consumption has declined steadily since the 1970s to 69.2 pounds per person in 2014, the lowest on record.
However, consumption may rebound in the coming decade as production expands and prices decline, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture projections.
Global meat and seafood consumption amounted to 463 million tonnes in 2014, dwarfing 10 million tonnes of alternatives such as soy-based meat replacements, according to Lux Research.
Meat faces pressure from diners who may be concerned about animal welfare and the environmental impact of raising animals or view vegetarian meals as healthier.
Two-thirds of Germans and 38 percent of Americans eat meatless meals once a week or more — consumers known as “flexitarians” — according to Innova Market Insights 2016 surveys.
Another potential challenge for conventional meat packers are startups such as California’s Impossible Foods, partly funded by Gates and Google Ventures. Inside its Silicon Valley lab, biochemists are on a quest to develop products that match the texture, aroma and flavour of real meat.
“We’re not making a veggie burger. We’re making meat,” said Celeste Holz-Schietinger, the company’s principal scientist. “We’re just doing it through plants.”
There is also potential for startups to collaborate with packers.
Impossible Foods chief executive officer Pat Brown said large-scale output poses a challenge, but its options include outsourcing production.
Traditional packers such as Maple Leaf are doing their own research.
The company, which raises and processes pigs as its main business, says it dedicated several staff in the past year to work on innovating plant-based protein products, focusing on improving taste.
In Europe, sausage-maker Rügenwalder Mühle added meat-substitute dishes in 2014 as German meat sales declined.
Those products, including soy-based schnitzel, now make up 20 percent of the company’s gross annual sales of $300 million, and it plans to double that percentage by 2020, said spokesperson Silke Ponert.
Cargill Inc. does not make plant-based meat but recently began referring to its meat business as its “protein group” to signal its interest in a variety of protein options, said spokesperson Mike Martin.
To be sure, the meat business still makes good money.
“Given consumers’ recognition of the value of protein of all types, it appears that (some packers) are responding to a business opportunity, not a threat,” said Barry Carpenter, CEO of the North American Meat Institute.
However, the growth in meat substitutes has caught the attention of the industry and investors.
“We are going to see the meat industry recognize that it needs to diversify,” said Bruce Friedrich, managing trustee of New Crop Capital, a venture capital fund that backs companies whose products replace food derived from animals.
“This is a vast opportunity for forward-thinking companies to make crazy profits.”
Investors managing $1.65 trillion in assets launched a campaign in September to encourage 16 food companies to change how they source protein.
Meat substitutes are not a risk-free investment, however. Consumers could eventually turn against them, said Camilla Stice, analyst at Lux Research, noting that some meat alternatives are made from genetically modified crops opposed by some environmentalists.
U.S. retail beef and pork prices have declined in the past year becauseof a rebound in supply, said Kevin Grier, an industry analyst from Canada.
“I don’t see these (meat substitutes) as something new and exciting,” he said. “If I want a hamburger, I’ll have a hamburger, not a pretend hamburger.”
