WINNIPEG (Reuters) — Parched pastures and crops in Western Canada are driving up cattle-feeding costs, and farmers and analysts expect the changing economics to stem a recent stampede of American cattle being brought over the border.
Canada imported 65,035 head of cattle from the United States from January through June, nearly double the pace of a year earlier when imports of U.S. cattle were at their highest level in 16 years, according to Statistics Canada. Most were young cattle to be fattened on feedlots.
But dry Canadian conditions that have curtailed hay supplies are making it cheaper to fatten cattle in the U.S. A drop-off in the supply of Canadian cattle would amplify concerns for feedlots and packers in Canada.
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Canadian government data on cattle imports lags about two months, so a reduction in U.S. supplies may not be publicly reported until autumn.
Rain in the past two months has fallen well below normal on the Prairies, with southern Alberta collecting less than 40 percent of average amounts, according to the federal agriculture department.
With limited supplies of feedgrains in Western Canada, and a big U.S. corn crop on the way, it will soon make more sense to fatten cattle in the U.S., said Rick Paskal, president of Van Raay Paskal Farms in southern Alberta.
“There’s an old farmer’s tale that you don’t haul the feed to the cattle, you haul the cattle to the feed. It’s going to be tough to hold these cattle in Canada.”
Charlie Christie, who runs a 400-cow ranch and feedlot near Trochu, Alta., said he expects dry conditions to curb numbers of U.S. cattle being moved to Canada and also cause more Canadian calves to be sent to the U.S.
An early surge of Canadian calves sold to feedlots this fall, as ranchers limit exposure to soaring feed costs, may leave supplies ample for now, said Brian Perillat, senior analyst at Canfax, a market analysis firm. Some ranchers are also culling their herds more than usual, putting more cattle on the market this year.
But longer-term, the Canadian herd’s decline raises concerns about how to compete with the expanding American numbers, Perillat said.
Canada, the sixth-largest beef exporter, had 11 million head of beef cattle as of July 1, a number that fell for the 13th straight year, according to Statistics Canada. But Canada will likely slaughter the most cattle in eight years in 2018, Perillat said, as the larger numbers of U.S. imports work through the supply chain.
A new plant, Harmony Beef, opened in Alberta last year, while Cargill Ltd. and JBS USA operate larger plants.
Montana and Wyoming feedlots face similar high feed costs due to dry weather as Canada, so more cattle may end up further south in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska, said John Ginzel, analyst at the Linn Group in Chicago.
The U.S. cattle herd will this year reach nearly 133 million head, its largest level in 10 years, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture data.
