STRASBOURG, France (Reuters) — The European Union and Canada secured clearance Feb. 15 for their contentious free trade deal and the removal of import duties that supporters say will boost growth and jobs on both sides of the Atlantic.
The two parties can claim success for their open markets policy following months of protest and uncertainty as well as the actions of U.S. President Donald Trump, who withdrew from the Trans-Pacific Partnership and wants to rework the North American Free Trade Agreement.
European Parliament lawmakers backed the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement by 408-254, meaning large parts of the deal, notably tariff reduction, will finally enter into force eight years after negotiations began.
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European trade unions and protest groups complain the pact will lead to a race to the bottom in labour and environmental standards and allow multinational corporations to dictate public policy.
The chief point of contention is the deal’s system to protect foreign investors, which critics say can lead to cases such as Philip Morris International’s challenge, albeit unsuccessful, of plain tobacco packaging in Australia.
Supporters say the right to regulate is enshrined in the treaty, and CETA has replaced closed arbitration panels with transparent and independent courts to settle disputes.
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau told reporters that “when you put forward a progressive trade deal that takes in account the responsibility of governments to create … inclusive growth, we can move forward on globalization”.
The House of Commons passed legislation Feb. 14 to adopt CETA. The Senate will now study the proposed law and officials say they expect final approval next month.
Full implementation of CETA, including investment, will ensue only after clearance by more than three dozen national and regional parliaments in Europe, which is by no means a certainty.
Backers say CETA will increase Canadian-EU trade by 20 percent and boost the EU economy by $16.6 billion a year and Canada’s by $12 billion.
For Canada, the deal is important to reduce its reliance on the United States as an export market.
For the EU, it is a first trade pact with a G7 country and a success at a time when the bloc’s credibility has taken a beating from Britain’s 2016 vote to leave the grouping.
The EU also recognizes that EU-U.S. trade talks are frozen, but wants CETA to be one of a series of ambitious trade deals it plans with countries, including Japan, Vietnam and Mexico.
