a CFIA inspector

Meat inspection plays major role in food safety system

Canada has a rigid meat inspection system to ensure that commercially sold food is safe for public consumption. A key component of this system is to prevent unhealthy animals from being sold for food. There is an entire system of slaughter facility inspection and food safety protocols that I won’t have space to touch on […] Read more

blood tubes

Bleeding issues arise from variety of disease conditions

All bleeding eventually stops. However, the rate at which blood clots is critical to animal health. Generally, most cells in the body are no further than one millimetre from a blood vessel. This proximity allows the spread of oxygen and nutrients to cells and removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products. The heart pumps […] Read more



A calf with gut discomfort and bloat from a toxic infection that shut down the gut is treated by forcing castor oil into its stomach.  |  Heather Smith Thomas photo

Ulcers’ sporadic nature can present challenges

An interruption of blood supply to the stomach lining in calves is a common cause, but there are other factors as well

What causes ulcers in young calves? Dr. Murray Jelinski of the Western College of Veterinary Medicine says the four stomachs in young calves, particularly the rumen, don’t fully function until they are more developed. Calves depend on the abomasum to digest milk in the first weeks of life. “Just as in the human stomach, the […] Read more

Play in young animals is thought to be a generally positive and reinforcing activity through the release of endogenous opioids. | Jeannette Greaves photo

Play may be important part of animal welfare

We’ve all seen exuberant play behaviours in various animal species. Puppies roughhousing, fighting, gnawing and gnashing their teeth. Dogs bowing to initiate play. Kid goats leaping off structures and butting heads. Kittens chasing anything that moves. Foals bucking, nipping and kicking at their herd mates. You get the idea. There is growing recognition of the […] Read more


Coyote Howling in Winter

Coyotes seen as possible source of mange for farm dogs

Coyotes are ubiquitous on the Canadian prairie landscape. In rural and urban areas, coyote populations are thriving. A disease frequently associated with coyotes is mange, one of the most visible and severe diseases to affect wild animals. A survey of coyotes in British Columbia found that about one in four had skin disease consistent with […] Read more

a calf’s leg is broken

Prognosis looks good for broken legs in young calves

Fractured legs are relatively common in young or newborn calves, mostly due to accidental stepping by cows. Dr. Andy Acton of Deep South Animal Clinic at Ogema, Sask., says age of the calf, whether it’s a front or back leg, and location of the fracture determine how easily it can be immobilized for healing. Broken […] Read more

Recent research has found that slightly more than one-third of deer in a study tested positive for the COVID-19 virus and that animals from areas near cities were more likely to do so. | Mickey Watkins photo

White-tailed deer potential reservoir for COVID-19 virus

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were many unknowns. Where did the virus come from? What are the main disease manifestations? Certainly, many public health experts and veterinarians were also wondering: will it infect animals? Within a few months, we had some answers, including insight into the animal situation. The virus can infect […] Read more


For people and animals, limiting exposure to mercury is a good idea but must be balanced with the benefits of eating fish. | Mike Sturk photo

Measures can be taken to prevent mercury poisoning

We’ve come a long way from the days of “mad hatters.” Historically, hat makers, who used mercury in the process of turning the pelts of beaver and other fur-bearing animals (many of which originated in Canada) into luxury top hats, suffered from severe, debilitating neurological disease. Nowadays, the most common ways that people encounter mercury […] Read more

Some studies have estimated that up to 12 percent of horses will develop sarcoids in their lifetime. | Mike Sturk photo

Skin tumour removal in horses can be tricky business

A lump or bump on your horse’s skin is most likely a sarcoid. These are the most common type of skin tumours found in horses and other equids like donkeys and mules. Some studies have estimated that up to 12 percent of horses will develop sarcoids in their lifetime. Their appearance can range from rough, […] Read more