Beef lactation curves
Research has shown that higher-producing dairy cows tend to be in negative energy balance during the first part of the lactation cycle. In other words, by attempting to achieve their genetic potential for milk production, the cows produce more energy in milk than they can eat. Feeding strategies have been developed to circumvent this problem.
A similar opportunity for a negative energy balance also exists for lactating beef cows. Recommendations for supplemental feeding are based on production levels, but do not allow for the possibility of breed differences. The object of this study was to quantify breed differences for milk production traits and to characterize the response of these traits to increasing feed energy.
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Breed differences do exist for time of peak lactation, yield at time of peak lactation and total yield for a 30-week lactation period (see table). These parameters were also influenced by energy intake. With increased energy, the time of peak lactation was delayed and peak and overall yield increased.
Breeds with the genetic capability for high levels of milk production must be fed a higher energy ration to optimize milk production and prevent losses in body condition.
To raise a cow with more milk, a producer needs to consider resources available. If there is an ample supply of high quality feed, a heavier milking cow can often be maintained. If the feed supply is limited or if environmental conditions such as drought frequently occur, then maintaining a somewhat lower-producing cow may be the best choice.
– USDA Meat Animal Research Centre
