Reforms to be discussed | Lengthy reports produced every six years are often outdated
OSLO, Norway (Reuters) — Climate experts on a United Nations panel should focus more on shorter reports on specialty subjects such as extreme weather, many scientists and governments say.
It would be a shift from sweeping overviews of the kind that are now being prepared in Stockholm, Sweden.
The big studies about global warming, produced every six or seven years by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), are authoritative but time-consuming and in some cases quickly out of date.
“A blockbuster every six years is no longer really helpful,” said professor Myles Allen of Oxford University, one of the authors who contributed to a recent IPCC summary.
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Many experts instead favour more frequent and targeted reports, for instance about droughts, floods and heat waves in the preceding year, to see if climate change is influencing their frequency or severity.
A focus for special reports could be food production in a changing climate, the prospects for geoengineering, such as projects to dim sunlight, or the risks of irreversible changes such as a runaway melt of western Antarctica.
The IPCC is working on three overview reports totalling 3,000 pages, starting with a 31-page draft summary of the science of climate change that was scheduled to be released in Stockholm last week.
A big strength of the IPCC is that its assessments of the climate are approved by scientists and governments, which gives the findings broad acceptance in negotiations on a UN deal to fight climate change, due to be agreed by 2015.
Possible reforms will be discussed at talks in Georgia in October.
“I support the global assessment cycle, but would strongly argue for the need to complement it with frequent updates,” said Johan Rockstrom, director of the Stockholm Resilience Center.
Drafts of the Stockholm report show that the IPCC is set to raise the probability that most climate change since the 1950s is man-made to “extremely likely,” or at least 95 percent, from “very likely,” or 90 percent, in 2007.
Many nations, including the United States, also argue for more special reports. In recent years, the IPCC has produced reports on extreme weather and on renewable energies.
Britain suggests using web-based “wiki” type tools that could allow more frequent updates. Italy says that there is “no automatic need” for another blockbuster report about the science of climate change, like the one in Stockholm.
One problem is that IPCC assessments are quickly out of date. For example, scientists trying to account for a hiatus in the pace of global warming this century are allowed to consider only peer-reviewed literature from before mid-March 2013.
Scientists who contribute to the IPCC work for free.
It means prestige — the IPCC shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize — but also criticism, such as after the IPCC exaggerated the pace of the thaw of Himalayan glaciers in 2007 by projecting they might all vanish by 2035.
